陈泓,李钰怀,罗亨波,等.预燃室射流点火技术对汽油机性能影响的研究[J].内燃机工程,2021,42(3):61-66.
预燃室射流点火技术对汽油机性能影响的研究
Effects of Pre-chamber Jet Flame Ignition on Performance of a GasolineDirect Injection Engine
DOI：10.13949/j.cnki.nrjgc.2021.03.009
关键词:预燃室  射流点火  汽油机性能  汽油机排放
Key Words:pre-chamber  jet flame ignition  gasoline performance  gasoline emission
基金项目:国家科技部重点项目多模驱动插电式乘用车性能优化(编号：2017yFB0103300)
作者单位E-mail
陈泓* 广州汽车集团股份有限公司汽车工程研究院 chenhong@gacrnd.com 
李钰怀 广州汽车集团股份有限公司汽车工程研究院  
罗亨波 广州汽车集团股份有限公司汽车工程研究院 luohengbo@gacrnd.com 
杜家坤 广州汽车集团股份有限公司汽车工程研究院  
江枭枭 广州汽车集团股份有限公司汽车工程研究院  
王磊 广州汽车集团股份有限公司汽车工程研究院  
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摘要:在一款增压直喷小型强化废气涡轮增压汽油机上,进行了加装预燃室与传统点火的低速外特性、中等转速负荷特性的燃烧特性、经济性、排放特性的对比试验,分析了预燃室点火过程与传统点火对汽油机性能影响的变化规律。研究结果表明,在1500r.min-1、BMEP 2Mpa工况,采用预燃室点火后缸内燃烧等容度提高、最高爆发压力增大,燃烧相位大幅度提前7.1°CA,有效燃油消耗率下降约24g/kWh；在2000r.min-1负荷特性的试验工况,预燃室点火相比于传统点火,燃烧循环变动均获得改善、燃烧持续期缩短,低负荷时燃烧相位不变,比油耗略微上升,高负荷时燃烧相位大幅提前,比油耗改善约7g.kWh-1,且最高有效热效率由36.9%上升至37.5%,就气体排放物而言,预燃室点火加速燃烧导致NOx排放最高上升约15%,HC最高下降约36%,而CO排放低负荷时基本维持不变,在高负荷时略有下降。
Abstract:Based on a gasoline direct injection, exhaust gas turbocharged and downsized high efficient engine, comparing tests of low end torque, combustion and economic, emission performances at middle speed have been done when the conventional spark plug ignition and the pre-chamber system were assembled into the engine respectively. The effects of pre-chamber ignition and spark ignition on the engine performances differences were explored and analyzed. The results indicate that at 1500r.min-1、BMEP 2Mpa operation point, combustion constant volume efficiency is enhanced with peak fire pressure increasing, and combustion phase is advanced by 7.1°CA, resulting in brake specific fuel consumption(BSFC) improved by 24g/kWh. When the engine operates at 2000r.min-1 loads, pre-chamber can improve combustion cycle of variation(CoV) and shorten burning duration, also the combustion phase is advanced remarkably at big load, getting fuel benefit of 7g.kWh-1 with bake thermal efficiency increasing from 36.9% to 37.5%, while BSFC floats up a little bit at light load. When turning to gas emissions, NOx increases by 15% when pre-chamber system is used, and HC decreases by 36%, while CO emission keeps relatively stable, only decreasing a little bit at big load.
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