石智成，吴晗，李海鹰，刘福水.重型柴油机低温环境喷雾及蒸发特性研究[J].内燃机工程,2020,41(5):1-8.
重型柴油机低温环境喷雾及蒸发特性研究
Spray and Evaporation Characteristics of Heavy Duty Diesel Engines at Low Temperatures
DOI：10.13949/j.cnki.nrjgc.2020.05.001
关键词:重型柴油机  低温  喷孔直径  环境温度  喷雾
Key Words:heavy duty diesel engine  low temperature  nozzle diameter  ambient temperature  spray
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51806014）
作者单位
石智成，吴晗，李海鹰，刘福水 1.北京理工大学 机械与车辆学院，北京 100081
2.中国北方发动机研究所，天津 300400 
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摘要:利用定容燃烧弹结合米散射法、阴影法针对喷孔直径（0.12~0.32mm）和环境温度（550~850K）对重型柴油机低温环境下喷雾特性的影响进行可视化测量。结果表明：不同于轻型柴油机，在各个喷射压力和环境压力下提高环境温度到750K时，表征重型柴油机的0.32mm喷孔下的液相燃油依然持续贯穿，无法达到准稳态或达到准稳态时贯穿距离过长而湿壁。随着环境温度增加，0.32mm喷孔下的液相燃油湿壁量减小。只有环境温度增长到850K时，燃油的蒸发作用足够强烈，液相撞壁喷雾的横向扩展长度和浮起高度才能均达到准稳态。
Abstract:The effects of nozzle diameter (0.12~0.32mm) and ambient temperature (550~850K) on the spray characteristics of heavy duty diesel engines were measured visually in a constant volume combustion chamber using the Mie scattering and shadowgraph methods. The results showed that, different from the light duty diesel engines, the liquid phase fuel of the heavy duty diesel engines with the 0.32mm nozzle still penetrated continuously and failed to reach a quasi steady state when the ambient temperature was increased to 750K at various injection pressures and ambient pressures, or when reaching a quasi steady state, the penetration distance was too long, leading to spray impingement. With the increase of the ambient temperature, the adhesion amount of liquid spray with the 0.32mm nozzle decreased. Only when the evaporation of fuel was strong enough at the ambient temperature of 850K, could the height and radius of impingement spray reach a quasi steady state.
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