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    • Microscopic Characteristics of Soot Derived from an Aviation Piston Engine Fueled with Sustainable Aviation Fuel
    DOI：10.13949/j.cnki.nrjgc.2025.03.002
    Key Words:sustainable aviation fuel（SAF）  soot particle  chemical composition  crystallite reactivity
    Author NameAffiliationE-mail
    CAO Yang* School of Energy and Power Engineering， Beihang University， Beijing 100191， China caoyang9508@buaa.edu.cn 
    CHEN Longfei School of Energy and Power Engineering， Beihang University， Beijing 100191， China
    Hangzhou International Innovation Institute， Beihang University， Hangzhou 311115， China     		chenlongfei@buaa.edu.cn 
    HU Xuehuan* School of Energy and Power Engineering， Beihang University， Beijing 100191， China huxuehuan@buaa.edu.cn 
    CHEN Xiaoyang School of Energy and Power Engineering， Beihang University， Beijing 100191， China chenxiaoyang@buaa.edu.cn 
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    Abstract:The microscopic characteristics of soot particles emitted by a piston aircraft engine using 100% hydro-processed esters and fatty acids-sustainable aviation fuel （HEFA-SAF） and conventional jet fuel RP-3 at three operation modes （idle， cruise and takeoff） were analyzed. The results show that the carbon-to-oxygen （C/O） ratios of soot aggregates were observed to be larger under take-off conditions for HEFA-SAF and under idle conditions for RP-3. For both fuels， the reactivity of nanostructures was observed to decrease with increasing engine load. Soot particles derived from HEFA-SAF were observed to possess smaller mean primary particle diameters than those from RP-3 at all load conditions. However， under idle conditions， RP-3 soot particles exhibited relatively lower reactivity， whereas HEFA-SAF soot particles demonstrated even lower reactivity under takeoff conditions. Through experimental data analysis， it is established that the C/O ratio， internal nanostructures， and the degree of graphitization of soot particles exhibited significant coupling relationships with engine loads. Notably， the chemical composition of aviation fuels is demonstrated to show distinct non-linear trends in influencing these critical microstructural parameters. The phenomenon fundamentally originates from the complex synergistic effects between fuel atomization/mixing processes and high-temperature pyrolysis reaction kinetics occurring across different temporal scales.
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