赵校伟,孙跃东,张振东,等.预燃室湍流射流点火增压直喷发动机稀薄燃烧试验研究[J].内燃机工程,2025,46(2):44-51.
预燃室湍流射流点火增压直喷发动机稀薄燃烧试验研究
Experimental Study on Lean Combustion of Pre-Chamber Turbulent Jet Ignition Gasoline Direct Injection Engine
DOI:10.13949/j.cnki.nrjgc.2025.02.006
关键词:预燃室  湍流射流点火  高能点火  稀燃  热效率
Key Words:pre-chamber  turbulent jet ignition  high-energy ignition  leancombustion  thermal efficiency
基金项目:上海市科技计划项目(21010503000)
作者单位E-mail
赵校伟 上海理工大学 机械工程学院上海 200093 zhaoxw07@163.com 
孙跃东* 上海理工大学 机械工程学院上海 200093 syd@usst.edu.cn 
张振东 上海理工大学 机械工程学院上海 200093 usstzzd@usst.edu.cn 
尹丛勃 上海理工大学 机械工程学院上海 200093 yincongbo@usst.edu.cn 
秦文瑾 上海理工大学 机械工程学院上海 200093 qinwenjin@usst.edu.cn 
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摘要:基于一台高压缩比四缸增压直喷(gasoline direct injection, GDI)发动机和预燃室湍流射流点火(turbulent jet ignition, TJI)系统,开展中低负荷稀燃特性试验研究。研究结果表明:预燃室射流点火的燃烧稳定性存在着明显的负荷边界;在平均指示压力(indicated mean effective pressure, IMEP)为0.4 MPa的低负荷,预燃室射流点火的缸压和瞬时放热率峰值较常规火花点火(spark ignition, SI)下降明显,峰值相位后移,滞燃期长;在平均指示压力为0.7 MPa时其平均指示压力循环波动率(coefficient of variation, COV)达5%;在平均指示压力为1.1 MPa的最佳指示燃油消耗率工况,预燃室射流点火的稀燃边界、指示燃油消耗率、排放等可以达到和常规火花点火相当的水平。中低负荷下,随着负荷增加,预燃室射流点火的滞燃期缩短,燃烧重心提前,燃烧稳定性改善,全碳氢(total hydrocarbon, THC)和CO排放降低。高能点火可以缩短预燃室射流点火的滞燃期,加快燃烧速度,提高燃烧稳定性,改善排放。
Abstract:Based on high-compression-ratio four-cylinder turbo-charged gasoline-direct-injection(GDI) engine and pre-chamber turbulent jet ignition(TJI) system, experimental study of lean combustion characteristics under low and medium loads was carried out. The results show that the combustion stability of TJI has obvious load boundary. Under light load of indicated mean effective pressure(IMEP) 0.4 MPa the cylinder pressure and peak transient heat release rate of TJI decrease significantly and the ignition delay is long compared with conventional spark ignition(SI). The coefficient of variation(COV) is deteriorated to 5% at IMEP 0.7 MPa. The combustion boundary and indicated fuel consumption and emission of TJI is close to SI at IMEP 1.1 MPa. With increasing of load during light and medium load, the ignition delay is shortened, 50% mass fraction burn crank angle(CA50) is moving forward, the combustion stability is improved, and emissions of total hydrocarbon(THC) and CO are reduced. For TJI application, high-energy ignition is benefit for shortening the ignition delay period, accelerating combustion process, and improving the combustion stability and emission performance.
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