高源鑫,冯永明,王煜淞,等.氨燃料部分预裂解对预燃室射流点火氨发动机燃烧及温室气体排放的影响[J].内燃机工程,2025,46(3):55-68.
氨燃料部分预裂解对预燃室射流点火氨发动机燃烧及温室气体排放的影响
Effects of Partial Pre-Decomposition of Ammonia Fuel on Combustion and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in a Pre-Chamber Jet Ignition Ammonia Engine
DOI：10.13949/j.cnki.nrjgc.2025.03.007
关键词:预燃室发动机  氨燃料预裂解  富氧强化  燃烧  数值模拟
Key Words:pre-chamber engine  ammonia fuel pre-decomposition  oxygen enrichment  combustion  numerical simulation
基金项目:中央高校基础科研基金项目（3072022JC0305）
作者单位E-mail
高源鑫* 哈尔滨工程大学 动力与能源工程学院，哈尔滨 150001 yuanxingao@hrbeu.edu.cn 
冯永明* 哈尔滨工程大学 动力与能源工程学院，哈尔滨 150001 fengyongming@hrbeu.edu.cn 
王煜淞 哈尔滨工程大学 动力与能源工程学院，哈尔滨 150001 w2280024255@hrbeu.edu.cn 
朱元清 哈尔滨工程大学 动力与能源工程学院，哈尔滨 150001 zhuyuanqing@hrbeu.edu.cn 
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摘要:基于一种利用废气余热实现部分燃料预裂解的氨发动机系统，建立了氨裂解器仿真模型，以此仿真模型预测的氨转化率为基础对一台预燃室射流点火的大缸径船用气体机进行了数值仿真，研究了燃料裂解比例对预燃室式氨发动机燃烧及其温室气体排放的影响，并对发动机性能不佳但裂解器氨转化率稳定的低裂解比例方案辅以富氧措施，探究了富氧条件对氨发动机性能的影响。研究发现，裂解比例和氧气比例的提高均有助于增强燃料混合气的燃烧，在7.5%裂解比例下发动机指示热效率达到48.98%，N2O排放降至0.39 g/（kW·h），而通过将氧气体积比提高至27%（2.5%裂解比例）也可以达到相近的发动机性能。但NOx排放的明显上升可能会限制通过进一步提高裂解比例和氧气比例来获得更好的发动机性能。此外，通过全生命周期温室气体排放估计，在10%裂解比例方案下最多可减少约64.2%的温室气体排放。
Abstract:Based on an ammonia engine system that utilizes exhaust gas waste heat to achieve partial fuel pre-decomposition， an ammonia decomposition reactor simulation model was established， and numerical simulation of a pre-chamber jet ignited large-bore marine gas engine was carried out on the basis of model-predicted ammonia conversion rate. The impact of fuel decomposition ratio on the combustion of pre-chamber ammonia engines and greenhouse gases （GHGs） emissions were investigated. Furthermore， oxygen enrichment measures were implemented in the low decomposition ratio case， characterized by poor engine performance yet stable ammonia conversion rates in the decomposition reactor， to investigate the impact of oxygen enrichment conditions on ammonia engine performance. It is found that the increase of both decomposition ratio and oxygen volume ratio contributes to the enhancement of fuel mixture combustion， with the indicated thermal efficiency of the engine reaching 48.98% and N2O emission reduced to 0.39 g/（kW·h） at 7.5% decomposition ratio， while similar engine performance can be achieved by increasing the oxygen volume ratio to 27% （2.5% decomposition ratio）. However， the significant increase in NOx emissions may limit the ability to achieve better engine performance by further increasing the decomposition ratio and oxygen volume ratio. In addition， the maximum reduction in GHGs emissions in the 10.0% decomposition ratio case is estimated to be about 64.2% through full life cycle GHGs emissions.
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