刘春涛,杨林,马巡医,等.气缸镜像对置汽油机缸内燃烧特性仿真分析[J].内燃机工程,2025,46(2):52-58.
气缸镜像对置汽油机缸内燃烧特性仿真分析
Simulation Analysis of In-Cylinder Combustion Characteristics of a Mirror-Opposed Gasoline Engine
DOI：10.13949/j.cnki.nrjgc.2025.02.007
关键词:镜像对置气缸  苏格兰轭  汽油机  燃烧  仿真
Key Words:mirror-opposed cylinder  Scotch yoke  gasoline engine  combustion  simulation
基金项目:
作者单位E-mail
刘春涛 天津大学 机械工程学院，天津 300072 liuchuntao@tju.edu.cn 
杨林 赛德动力科技（广东）有限公司，广州 510000 linyang@sytechpt.com 
马巡医 赛德动力科技（广东）有限公司，广州 510000 richardma@sytechpt.com 
邓中圆 赛德动力科技（广东）有限公司，广州 510000 zoedeng@sytechpt.com 
秦静* 天津大学 机械工程学院，天津 300072 qinjing@tju.edu.cn 
王膺博 天津大学 机械工程学院，天津 300072 13037663718@163.com 
裴毅强 天津大学 机械工程学院，天津 300072 peiyq@tju.edu.cn 
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摘要:利用苏格兰轭机构代替曲柄连杆机构实现了汽油机的气缸镜像对置布置，为了分析缸内燃烧特性，基于一台符合国六b排放标准的气缸镜像对置汽油机构建了一维和三维仿真模型，并以此为基础对比分析了苏格兰轭机构与曲柄机构对汽油机缸内燃烧过程的影响。研究发现，苏格兰轭机构在活塞动力学上更具优势，其活塞运动加速度呈现平衡波动特性，运行更为平稳，且上止点附近等容度提升。在进气阶段，苏格兰轭机构由于缸内气体压缩程度更高，导致进气驱动压差减小，使得标定点的进气量相比曲柄机构减少了约5%，证实了通过技术改进以弥补进气量损失的必要性。在相同进气量的条件下，苏格兰轭机构凭借其压缩上止点等容度的提升，显著加速了混合气燃烧的中后期进程，使标定点的燃烧持续期缩短了25%。相比之下，曲柄机构连杆长度对换气及燃烧过程影响有限，短连杆设计在特定条件下表现出一定优势。
Abstract:The Scotch yoke mechanism was utilized to replace the crank mechanism， and the mirroring and opposition arrangement of cylinders in a gasoline engine was achieved. To analyze the combustion characteristics within the cylinder， 1-dimensional and 3-dimensional simulation models were constructed based on the mirror-opposed gasoline engine that meets the China 6b emission standard. Based on these models， a comparative analysis was conducted to examine the impact of the Scotch yoke mechanism and the crank mechanism on the in-cylinder combustion process of gasoline engine. The results show that the Scotch yoke mechanism exhibits superior piston dynamics， with balanced fluctuations in piston acceleration， leading to smoother operation and enhanced volumetric efficiency near top dead center （TDC）. During the intake phase， the higher degree of in-cylinder gas compression in the Scotch yoke mechanism results in a reduced intake driving pressure difference， causing the intake air mass at the calibration point to decrease by approximately 5% compared to the crank mechanism， underscoring the necessity of technological advancements to compensate for the intake air mass loss. When the intake air mass is the same， the Scotch yoke mechanism significantly accelerates the mid-to-late stages of the mixture combustion process through its enhanced volumetric efficiency near TDC， shortening the combustion duration at the calibration point by 25%. In contrast， the crank length of the crank mechanism has a limited impact on the gas exchange and combustion processes， although a short crank length design exhibits certain advantages under specific conditions.
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