杨涵惠,甄旭东,刘大明,等.多种工况下醇类燃料喷雾特性试验研究[J].内燃机工程,2025,46(2):27-35.
多种工况下醇类燃料喷雾特性试验研究
Experimental Study on the Spray Characteristics of Alcohol Fuels Under Various Working Conditions
DOI：10.13949/j.cnki.nrjgc.2025.02.004
关键词:甲醇  乙醇  正丁醇  直喷  喷雾特性
Key Words:methanol  ethanol  n-butanol  direct injection  spray characteristic
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51406135）
作者单位E-mail
杨涵惠 天津职业技术师范大学 汽车与交通学院，天津 300222 16622973763@163.com 
甄旭东* 天津职业技术师范大学 汽车与交通学院，天津 300222 xituwa2010@163.com 
刘大明 天津职业技术师范大学 汽车与交通学院，天津 300222 liudaming2001@163.com 
耿杰 天津职业技术师范大学 汽车与交通学院，天津 300222 g172045343@163.com 
鄢仁彬 天津职业技术师范大学 汽车与交通学院，天津 300222 octchin6@163.com 
田智 天津大学 先进内燃动力全国重点实验室，天津 300072 tian_z@tju.edu.cn 
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摘要:利用定容喷雾试验装置，采用阴影法研究甲醇、乙醇、正丁醇在不同工况下的喷雾特性，喷射压力范围为10~30 MPa，背压范围为0.1~0.7 MPa，环境温度范围为20~120 ℃，再经MATLAB软件进行图像处理，分析了不同工况对醇类燃料喷雾特性的影响。结果表明：三种燃料的喷雾贯穿距和喷雾面积受喷射压力和背压影响明显，喷雾锥角与环境条件的关系较大；喷射压力和环境温度的增加会加快液滴分裂和蒸发，对提高雾化质量及改善喷雾特性有重要的促进作用。同种工况下，燃料自身的特性造成了喷雾形态的差异，正丁醇动力黏度和表面张力较大，在低温环境中喷雾发展较慢，但在高温高压环境中液滴蒸发和破碎程度较小，能保持较好的喷雾形态和发展速度。
Abstract:The spray characteristics of methanol， ethanol， and n-butanol under different working conditions were investigated by the shadow method using a fixed volume spray test setup with injection pressure ranging from 10 to 30 MPa， backpressure ranging from 0.1 to 0.7 MPa， and ambient temperature ranging from 20 to 120 ℃. The effects of different working conditions on the spray characteristics of the alcoholic fuels were analyzed by image processing with MATLAB software.The results show that the spray penetration distance and spray area of the three fuels are obviously affected by the injection pressure and back pressure， and the spray cone angle has a close relationship with the environmental conditions. The increase of injection pressure and ambient temperature will accelerate the splitting and evaporation of droplets， which plays an important role in improving the atomization quality and spray characteristics. Under the same working conditions， the characteristics of the fuel itself cause the difference in spray form， the dynamic viscosity and surface tension of n-butanol are larger， and the spray development is slower in the low temperature environment， but the droplet evaporation and crushing degree are smaller in the high temperature and high pressure environment， and the spray form and development speed can be maintained.
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