田津津,刘玉焱,李孝检,等.涡轮增压器压气机自循环机匣非定常扩稳机理研究[J].内燃机工程,2025,46(1):91-99.
涡轮增压器压气机自循环机匣非定常扩稳机理研究
Research on the Unsteady Mechanisms of Stability Expansion of a Turbocharger Compressor with Self-Recirculating Casing Treatment
DOI：
关键词:离心压气机  全通道数值模拟  自循环机匣处理  非定常流动特性  扩稳机理
Key Words:centrifugal compressor  full-channel numerical simulation  self-recirculatingcasing treatment（SRCT）  unsteady flow characteristic  stabilityenhancement mechanism
基金项目:天津市教委科研计划项目（2023KJ205）； 国家自然科学基金项目（12102298）
作者单位E-mail
田津津 天津商业大学 机械工程学院，天津 300134 tianjj@tjcu.edu.cn 
刘玉焱 天津商业大学 机械工程学院，天津 300134 yufire3@163.com 
李孝检 天津大学 机械工程学院，天津 300350
车用动力系统全国重点实验室，天津 300350 		lixiaojian@tju.edu.cn 
付璐阳 中国北方发动机研究所，天津 300400 fuluyang@tju.edu.cn 
张哲 天津商业大学 机械工程学院，天津 300134 zhangzhe@tjcu.edu.cn 
赵祎佳* 天津商业大学 机械工程学院，天津 300134 zhaoyijia@tjcu.edu.cn 
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摘要:为了研究自循环机匣的非定常扩稳机理，针对某型涡轮增压器压气机采用非定常数值计算方法得到了典型工况三维全通道非定常流场。通过对比实壁机匣及自循环机匣压气机在设计工况和近失稳工况的非定常流动特征，探究了实壁机匣在近失稳工况下稳定性降低的原因，并阐明了自循环机匣的非定常扩稳机理。结果表明：实壁机匣压气机上下游非定常扰动分别来自主流叶片和分流叶片间隙泄漏涡，两者相互影响且在同一工况下频谱分布相似、主频相同。其中主流叶片间隙泄漏涡破碎及通道涡的形成是压气机上游非定常脉动增强、堵塞加剧、稳定性下降的主要原因。自循环机匣通过抽吸效应能够有效维持主流叶片前缘间隙泄漏涡稳定性，抑制其破碎，减小高叶高区的流动堵塞，同时能够有效阻碍上下游间隙泄漏涡扰动的相互干扰，从而提升压气机稳定性。
Abstract:To investigate the unsteady mechanisms of flow stability enhancement for self-recirculating casing treatment （SRCT）， the three-dimensional full-channel unsteady flow fields of a turbocharger compressor under typical operating conditions were obtained using unsteady numerical simulation methods. By comparing the unsteady characteristics of the compressor with solid casing and SRCT under the design condition and near-stall condition， the reasons for the decrease in flow stability of the solid casing compressor under the near-stall condition were explored， and the unsteady mechanisms of stability enhancement of the SRCT compressor were clarified. The results indicate that the unsteady disturbances in the upstream and downstream of the solid casing compressor are caused by tip leakage vortex of the main and split blades， which interact with each other and have similar frequency distribution with identical dominant frequencies under the same operating condition. The breakdown of tip leakage vortex of the main blade and the formation of channel vortex are the main reasons for the enhancement of unsteady pulsation， the intensification of blockage， and the stability deterioration in compressor upstream. The SRCT， through its suction effect， can effectively maintain the stability of the leakage vortex at the leading edge of the main blade， prevent it from breaking down， and mitigate flow blockage in regions of high blade height. Additionally， it can effectively prevent interference between the upstream and downstream leakage vortices， thereby enhancing the flow stability of the compressor.
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