王鑫浩,牛晓晓,刘龙,等.高功率密度柴油机缸盖结构对火焰传播的影响分析[J].内燃机工程,2025,46(1):27-35.
高功率密度柴油机缸盖结构对火焰传播的影响分析
Influences of Cylinder Head Structures on Flame Development in High Power Density Diesel Engines
DOI：
关键词:高功率密度柴油机  缸盖结构  燃烧室形状  喷孔夹角  喷孔偏角
Key Words:high power density diesel engine  cylinder head structure  chamber shape  nozzle angle  nozzle deflection angle
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（U2241262）
作者单位E-mail
王鑫浩 哈尔滨工程大学 动力与能源工程学院，哈尔滨 150001 xinhaowang@hrbeu.edu.cn 
牛晓晓 河南柴油机重工有限责任公司，洛阳 471003 xiaoxiaoniu1988@126.com 
刘龙 哈尔滨工程大学 动力与能源工程学院，哈尔滨 150001 liulong@hrbeu.edu.cn 
王洋* 哈尔滨工程大学 动力与能源工程学院，哈尔滨 150001 wangyangice@163.com 
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摘要:探究了小缸径高功率密度柴油机缸盖结构对燃烧状态的影响，及燃烧室结构和喷油器布置对该影响的响应。基于敞口型燃烧室，采用封闭气门和补偿缸盖体积两种方式建立135 mm缸径柴油机的仿真模型，对比其对火焰发展的影响。对阶梯型和直口型燃烧室结构的响应进行分析，并针对不同喷孔夹角和相对气门的偏角的喷油器设置进行了分析。结果显示：小缸径柴油机的缸盖凹入容积在上止点占比为13.1%，补偿法处理造成最高燃烧压力降低0.473 MPa，同时后燃比例加剧；不同燃烧室形状的响应主要影响火焰与缸盖的干涉，热效率最大相差2.34%；随着喷孔夹角由140°增大到150°，后燃差异减小；采用相对气门非对称性的喷孔布置有利于火焰面的发展，油耗可减少1.90 g/（kW·h）。
Abstract:The influence of the cylinder head structure on the combustion state of small bore diesel engines was investigated， as well as the response of chamber shape and injector arrangement to this effect. Firstly， utilizing an open-type combustion chamber， a simulation model of a 135 mm-bore diesel engine was established using closed-valve method and compensated-volume method. And the impact on flame development was compared. The response of stepped and straight combustion chamber shapes was analyzed. Injector settings with different nozzle angles and relative valve declination angles were examined. The results show that the recessed volume of the cylinder head of the small-bore diesel engine accounts for 13.1% at top dead center. With the utilization of the compensated-volume method the peak pressure decreases by 0.473 MPa， and the proportion of post-combustion is exacerbated. The response of different chamber shapes primarily affects the interference between the flame and the cylinder head， resulting in a maximum difference in thermal efficiency of 2.34%. Furthermore， as the nozzle angle increases from 140° to 150°， the difference in post-combustion decreases. Additionally， the asymmetrical arrangement of the nozzle with valves promotes the development of the flame surface， leading to a reduction in fuel consumption by 1.90 g/（kW·h）.
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