侯康,田红艳,佟鼎.低比转速离心压气机子午型线多目标优化设计[J].内燃机工程,2023,44(2):81-91.
低比转速离心压气机子午型线多目标优化设计
Multi-Objective Optimization Design of Meridional Profile of Centrifugal Compressor with Low Specific Speed
DOI：10.13949/j.cnki.nrjgc.2023.02.011
关键词:子午流道  叶轮优化  离心压气机  多目标优化  燃料电池
Key Words:meridian flowpath  impeller optimization  centrifugal compressor  multi-objective optimization  fuel cell
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（12102123）；河北省自然科学基金项目（A2021202014）
作者单位E-mail
侯康* 河北工业大学 机械工程学院，天津300401 mchoukang@163.com 
田红艳* 河北工业大学 机械工程学院，天津300401 tianhy4827@hebut.edu.cn 
佟鼎 中国北方发动机研究所 柴油机增压技术重点实验室，天津300400  
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摘要:以某前/尾缘组合掠型低比转速离心压气机叶轮为研究对象，选取叶轮子午流道型线控制点坐标作为优化变量，结合拉丁超立方试验设计方法构建样本数据库。通过样本数据的训练，建立探索优化变量与气动性能之间非线性关系的Kriging预测模型。基于预测模型，采用SPEA–Ⅱ多目标优化算法进行多变量寻优，以实现设计工况和非设计工况下等熵效率最大化，并对叶轮流场进行整级计算和分析。优化结果表明：设计工况和非设计工况下，压气机等熵效率分别提高了2.69和0.45个百分点；整级压比在大流量工况有所提升，而在小流量工况略有降低；堵塞流量增大，稳定运行范围拓宽。从叶轮流场可以看出，优化后叶轮子午流道前段曲率减小，流道间隙泄漏和流动分离受到抑制；后端流道高度降低，流道扩压度减小，增加了出口处气流速度，低速流团的流动损失降低。
Abstract:A combined leading/trailing edge swept low specific speed centrifugal compressor impeller was taken as the research object， and the meridian profile control points of the impeller were selected as optimization variables. And a sample database was constructed by combining the Latin hypercube experimental design method. The Kriging prediction model was established to explore the nonlinear relationship between optimization variables and aerodynamic performance through the training of sample data. Based on the prediction model， the SPEA–Ⅱ multi-objective optimization algorithm was used for multi-variable optimization to achieve the maximum isentropic efficiency under the design and the non-design condition， and the entire stage calculation and analysis of the impeller flow field were carried out. The optimization results showed that the isentropic efficiency of the compressor increased by 2.69 percentage points and 0.45 percentage points under the design and the non-design condition， respectively. The stage pressure ratio was improved under the large flow condition， while slightly decreased under the small flow condition. The operating range expanded significantly with increasing blocking flow. For the impeller flow field， clearance leakage and flow separation were suppressed because the front curvature of the meridian flowpath decreased. The reduction of the flowpath rear height led to a decrease in the passage diffusion， which increased the flow velocity at the outlet and reduced the flow loss of the low-speed flow mass.
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