刘瑞,黄立,沈刚,等.分体式涡轮增压对船舶柴油机工作特性影响的数值模拟[J].内燃机工程,2022,43(2):77-84.
分体式涡轮增压对船舶柴油机工作特性影响的数值模拟
Numerical Simulation of Influences of Dual Electric Turbo Compound System on the Performance of a Marine Diesel Engine
DOI：10.13949/j.cnki.nrjgc.2022.02.010
关键词:分体式涡轮增压  船舶柴油机  低负荷工况性能  瞬态特性
Key Words:dual electric turbo compound system  marine diesel engine  low load performance  transient characteristic
基金项目:工信部船舶动力基础科研计划项目
作者单位E-mail
刘瑞* 上海交通大学 动力机械及工程教育部重点实验室，上海 200240
船舶与海洋工程动力系统国家工程实验室，上海 201108
中国船舶集团有限公司第七一一研究所，上海 201108 		liuruiengine@163.com 
黄立 中国船舶集团有限公司第七一一研究所，上海 201108  
沈刚 中国船舶集团有限公司第七一一研究所，上海 201108  
张文正 中国船舶集团有限公司第七一一研究所，上海 201108  
陈晓轩 中国船舶集团有限公司第七一一研究所，上海 201108  
李新瑞 中国船舶集团有限公司第七一一研究所，上海 201108  
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摘要:为提升传统废气涡轮增压柴油机低负荷工况性能及瞬态响应特性，以某船舶推进柴油机为研究对象，建立并试验校准其一维数值仿真模型。提出了以系统综合油耗量最优为目标的分体式涡轮增压器运行策略确定方法，对比分析了采用分体式涡轮增压后柴油机各主要性能及排放参数的变化。结果表明：以柴油机各限值参数为约束，采用离散网格法可有效确定柴油机各工况下压气机及涡轮最佳运行转速，使系统综合能耗达到最优水平。由于分体式涡轮增压系统能量转化环节较多，采用该增压方式后，柴油机推进特性50%、75%、100%负荷下，系统综合油耗量呈上升趋势。但在推进特性25%负荷下，系统综合油耗量较传统废气涡轮增压可降低3%。低转速下柴油机最大允许运行功率可显著升高，在400 r/min~600 r/min范围内可提升100%。瞬态特性方面，采用分体式涡轮增压后，柴油机转速由450 r/min加载至1 000 r/min所需时间可从70 s降低至12 s。
Abstract:In order to improve the performance at low loads and transient characteristics of a traditional turbocharged diesel engine， a 1-D numerical simulation model of a marine diesel engine was developed and verified by experimental results. The dual electric turbo compound system operation strategies were proposed for the optimum fuel consumption rate， and the main performance and emissions of the optimized diesel engine was compared and analyzed. Results show that the comprehensive energy consumption of the system can reach the optimal level when the speeds of compressor and turbine under various working conditions are optimized by discrete-grid method， with restricts of limit parameters of the diesel engine. Since there are a large number of energy conversion processes in the dual electric turbo compound system， the comprehensive fuel consumption of the system at 50%， 75%， and 100% load shows an upward trend with the use of the system. But the fuel consumption of the system at 25% load is reduced by 3% compared with the traditonal turbocharger. The maximum allowable operating power of the diesel engine increases significantly at low speeds. It can increase by about 100% at speeds within the range of 400 r/min~600 r/min. In terms of transient characteristics， the time required for a diesel engine to load from 450 r/min to 1 000 r/ min is reduced from 70 s to 12 s with the use of the system.
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