李智，俞小莉，王雷，高琪，陆奕骥，黄瑞.内燃机余热驱动的储热式有机朗肯循环试验研究[J].内燃机工程,2021,42(6):1-9.
内燃机余热驱动的储热式有机朗肯循环试验研究
Experimental Study on Organic Rankine Cycle Integrated with Latent Thermal Energy Storage Driven by Waste Heat of Internal Combustion Engines
DOI：10.13949/j.cnki.nrjgc.2021.06.001
关键词:余热回收  有机朗肯循环  内燃机  波动热源  相变储热
Key Words:waste heat recovery  organic Rankine cycle（ORC）  internal combustion engine  fluctuating heat source  latent thermal energy storage
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51806189）
作者单位
李智，俞小莉，王雷，高琪，陆奕骥，黄瑞 1.浙江大学 能源工程学院，杭州 310027；2.宁波中策动力机电集团有限公司，宁波 300350 
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摘要:为了提高尾气余热利用率并削弱热源波动对有机朗肯循环（organic Rankine cycle， ORC）的影响，提出了一种集成相变储热换热器的ORC系统，利用相变材料削弱尾气余热波动并储存热量。搭建了内燃机尾气余热直接驱动的储热式ORC试验台架，开展了内燃机稳态工况和阶跃变工况下储热式ORC的热力学性能和动态性能试验研究。结果表明，内燃机稳态工况下尾气平均温度和平均流量为342℃和0.142kg/s，蒸发压力0.75MPa的条件下储热式ORC系统平均输出功率约为3.43kW，平均热效率可达到12.7%，平均尾气余热回收率可达40.1%。内燃机阶跃工况下，工质出口温度、蒸发压力和过热度均呈现快速下降的趋势。试验结果还表明储热式ORC具备完全抵御发动机工况小幅波动的能力。在发动机工况阶跃变化比例过大时，储热换热器可以实现对尾气的补热，从而延长储热式ORC的安全工作时间。
Abstract:In order to overcome the fluctuation and improve the utilization rate of exhaust waste heat, a novel organic Rankine cycle（ORC） system integrated with latent thermal energy storage was proposed and a test rig was established. The thermodynamic and dynamic performance of the proposed combined system were experimentally investigated under steady and unsteady operating conditions. The results indicate that the average net power output, thermal efficiency and recovering rate of waste heat are about 3.43kW, 12.7% and 40.1% respectively with the evaporating pressure of 0.75MPa, when the average temperature and mass flow rate of exhaust are 342℃ and 0.142kg/s for certain steady condition of the internal combustion engine(ICE). Under the step change operating condition of the ICE, the working fluid outlet temperature, evaporating pressure and superheat degree of working fluid all show a trend of rapid decline. The results also illustrate that the proposed system possesses ability to resist the small disturbance of heat source, and the latent thermal energy storage can release heat to the exhaust to prolong the time of safe operation when the disturbance of heat source is large.
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