| 兰奇，白云，范立云，文李明，方良杰，许菁.船用低速柴油机电控喷油器的动态响应特性研究[J].内燃机工程,2020,41(6):55-64. |
| 船用低速柴油机电控喷油器的动态响应特性研究 |
| Investigation on Dynamic Response of Electronically Controlled Injector for Low-Speed Marine Diesel Engines |
| DOI：10.13949/j.cnki.nrjgc.2020.06.007 |
| 关键词:船用低速柴油机 电控喷油器 开启响应时间 关闭响应时间 帕累托分析 |
| Key Words:low speed marine diesel engine electronically controlled injector opening response time closing response time Pareto analysis |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(51809063,51679048)；中国博士后科学基金项目（2020T130140,2018M630344）；黑龙江省博士后资助经费项目（LBH Z18048）；船用低速机工程（一期）研制（工信部联装函[2017]21号） |
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| 摘要:基于AMESim液力仿真平台搭建了船用低速柴油机双阀电控喷油器的数值模型，循环喷油量的计算值与实测值的最大误差仅为3.38%，且喷油压力、增压活塞位移关键时序指标的试验数据与计算数据的最大相对误差不足1%，证明了该模型的准确性。为了分析喷油器的动态响应特性，定义了开启响应时间和关闭响应时间，探究了结构参数对喷油器响应特性的影响规律，并通过帕累托分析确定了各因素对喷油器响应特性的影响权重。结果表明：喷油器开启响应时间与增压活塞小头直径、针阀最大升程、针阀弹簧预紧力、控制腔直径呈正相关，与增压活塞大头直径呈负相关，各因素对喷油器开启响应时间的影响权重分别为8.59%、15.74%、4.97%、10.88%、9.48%。喷油器关闭响应时间与增压活塞大头直径、针阀最大升程呈正相关，其影响权重分别为7.86%、27.33%，与增压活塞小头直径、针阀弹簧预紧力、控制腔直径呈负相关，其影响权重分别为6.22%、7.29%、7.36%。对于喷油器开启响应时间，增压活塞小头直径与增压活塞大头直径、增压活塞大头直径与针阀最大升程、增压活塞小头直径与针阀最大升程、增压活塞大头直径与针阀弹簧预紧力及增压活塞小头直径与针阀弹簧预紧力间的交互作用为关键交互因素，其影响权重分别为5.49%、4.55%、3.95%、3.33%、3.19%。对于喷油器关闭响应时间，针阀最大升程与控制腔、增压活塞大头直径与控制腔、增压活塞大头直径与针阀最大升程和控制腔直径、增压活塞大头直径与针阀最大升程及针阀弹簧预紧力与控制腔直径间的交互作用为关键交互因素，其影响权重分别为5.02%、3.60%、3.46%、3.39%、3.17%。 |
| Abstract:A numerical model of dual valve electronically controlled injector for low-speed marine diesel engines was established based on the AMESim hydraulic simulation platform. The maximum difference between the experimental and calculated cycle injection quantity was only 3.38% and the maximum relative difference between the experimental and calculated crucial temporal index for injection pressure and the displacement of pressure amplification piston(PAP) was less than 1%, which validated the accuracy of the model. In order to analyze the dynamic response of the injector, the opening time and closing response time were defined. The influences of the structural parameters on the response characteristics of the injector were explored. And the weights of the factors influencing the response characteristics of the injector were determined through the Pareto analysis. Results show that the opening response time is in positive correlation with the diameter of the small end of PAP, the maximum needle lift, the force of tightening the needle spring and the diameter of the control chamber, and it is in negative correlation with the diameter of the big end of PAP. The weights of the factors influencing the opening response time are 8.59%, 15.74%, 4.97%, 10.88% and 9.48% respectively. The closing response time is in positive correlation with the diameter of the big end of PAP and the maximum needle lift, the influential weights of which were 7.86% and 27.33% respectively. The closing response time is in negative correlation with the diameter of the small end of PAP, the force of tightening the needle spring and the diameter of the control chamber, the influential weights of which are 6.22%, 7.29% and 7.36% respectively. Among all the interactive factors affecting the opening response time, the ones are the most significant of the interactions between the diameters of the small and big ends of PAP, between the diameter of the big end of PAP and the maximum needle lift, between the diameter of the small end of PAP and the maximum needle lift, between the diameter of the big end of PAP and the force of tightening the needle spring, and between the diameter of the small end of PAP and the force of tightening the needle spring, and the influential weights of which are 5.49%, 4.55%, 3.95%, 3.33% and 3.19% respectively. As for the closing response time, the interactive factors are crucial of the interactions between the maximum needle lift and the diameter of the control chamber, between the diameters of the big end of PAP and the control chamber, among the maximum needle lift and the diameters of the big end of PAP and the control chamber, between the diameter of the big end of PAP and the maximum needle lift, and between the force of tightening the needle spring and the diameter of the control chamber, and the influential weights of which are 5.02%, 3.60%, 3.46%, 3.39% and 3.17% respectively. |
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