王映远，胡志龙，张琨，邓康耀，钱跃华，刘博.内燃机歧管多分支动量守恒边界模型研究[J].内燃机工程,2021,42(1):53-59.
内燃机歧管多分支动量守恒边界模型研究
Research on Multi-Branch Momentum Conservation Boundary Model for Internal Combustion Engine Manifolds
DOI：10.13949/j.cnki.nrjgc.2021.01.009
关键词:内燃机  歧管多分支  动量守恒边界模型
Key Words:internal combustion engine  multi-branch  momentum conservation boundary model
基金项目:船用低速机工程（一期）研制项目（工信部联装函[2017]21号）
作者单位
王映远，胡志龙，张琨，邓康耀，钱跃华，刘博 1.上海交通大学 动力机械及工程教育部重点实验室，上海 200240； 2.中国船舶集团有限公司第七一一研究所，上海 201108；3.中船动力研究院有限公司，上海 200120 
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摘要:为了实现歧管分支模型对于不同分支数的适用性，推导建立了多分支动量守恒边界模型。首先，在连续性方程和能量方程基础上，考虑到分支结构和流动参数影响造成工质流经多分支接头时动量变化，建立了适用于任意分支数的多分支动量守恒边界模型；而后建立激波管测试算例，对比分析传统的等压模型、压力损失模型及动量守恒模型等不同多分支模型的计算精度及计算效率；最后针对某型号高功率密度内燃机建立整机循环仿真模型，对比等压模型和动量守恒模型对整机性能的预测精度。结果表明：在考虑模型压缩性和通用性的基础上，对平衡计算精度和计算效率，新建立的动量守恒模型具有较好的综合优势；对于某型高功率密度内燃机，传统的等压模型在标定转速工况内燃机性能预测最大误差为7.58%，采用动量守恒模型后最大误差为2.47%，预测精度得到大幅提高。
Abstract:To achieve the applicability of a manifold branch model to different branch numbers, a multi-branch momentum conservation boundary model was derived. Firstly, on the basis of the continuity equation and energy equation, a multi-branch momentum conservation boundary model suitable for any number of branches was built considering the momentum change of working medium flowing through multi-branch junctions due to the influence of branch structures and flow parameters. Then, a shock tube test example was set up to compare and analyze the calculation accuracy and efficiency of such different multi-branch models as traditional isobaric model, pressure loss model and momentum conservation model. Finally, a simulation model was established for an internal combustion engine of high power density, and the prediction accuracy of the engine performance was compared with the traditional isobaric model and derived multi-branch momentum conservation boundary model. The results show that the derived model has better comprehensive advantages by balancing calculation accuracy and calculation efficiency on the basis of considering the model compressibility and applicability. For the high power density engine, the maximum prediction error of the engine performance at the rated speed with the traditional isobaric model is 7.58%, and that with the momentum conservation model is 2.47%. The prediction accuracy is greatly improved.
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