郑伟，白敏丽，胡成志，吕继组.纳米SiO2润滑油改善内燃机气缸套-活塞环润滑摩擦性能的基础试验研究[J].内燃机工程,2018,39(3):58-65.
纳米SiO2润滑油改善内燃机气缸套-活塞环润滑摩擦性能的基础试验研究
Basic Experimental Research on Nano-SiO2 Lubricants for Improving theLubrication and Friction Properties between Piston Ring and Cylinder Liner ofInternal Combustion Engine
DOI：10.13949/j.cnki.nrjgc.2018.03.009
关键词:纳米SiO2  气缸套-活塞环  润滑摩擦
Key Words:nano-SiO2  cylinder liner and piston ring  lubrication and friction
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（51476019，51276031，51376002）
作者单位
郑伟，白敏丽，胡成志，吕继组 大连理工大学 能源与动力学院，大连 116024 
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摘要:利用分散法制备了不同质量分数的纳米SiO2润滑油，并考察其悬浮稳定性。通过四球摩擦磨损试验机对纳米润滑油进行极压试验和长摩试验，以此来模拟活塞靠近上止点附近时气缸套-活塞环摩擦副处于混合润滑的状态，以及活塞远离上止点时气缸套-活塞环摩擦副处于流体动压润滑的状态，分别考察纳米润滑油的极压性能和减摩性能；采用对置往复摩擦磨损试验机模拟内燃机上止点附近气缸套-活塞环的工作环境，以真实内燃机气缸套-活塞环材料作为摩擦副，进一步考察纳米SiO2润滑油在变工况条件下（变温度、变速度、变载荷）的润滑摩擦性能，利用场发射扫描电镜FE-SEM观测了气缸套磨损表面的形貌，并分析纳米SiO2润滑油改善润滑摩擦的机理。试验结果表明：应用纳米SiO2添加剂可以显著提高基础油在混合润滑状态时的抗磨能力及在流体动压润滑状态时的减摩效果，在最佳添加浓度下，磨斑直径和平均摩擦系数分别下降了51.9%、46.7%；在上止点附近，气缸套-活塞环摩擦副的润滑状态为混合润滑，纳米SiO2粒子的添加可以显著提高润滑油的抗磨减摩性能，在高温、低速、重载条件下摩擦系数分别下降10.5%、10.3%、5.9%；纳米SiO2粒子在摩擦过程中在摩擦副表面起到“滚珠轴承”和抛光的复合作用。
Abstract:The lubricants with nano SiO2 of different quantity were prepared by the dispersion method and the suspension stability was analyzed accordingly. The extreme pressure properties and antifriction properties of the lubricants were investigated by a four-ball friction tester, which reproduced the mixed lubrication between piston ring and cylinder liner near top dead center and the hydrodynamic lubrication between piston ring and cylinder liner away from top dead center respectively. Real materials of piston ring and cylinder liner and a contraposition reciprocating test rig were used in order to evaluate the lubrication and friction properties of the lubricants under varying operating conditions(changed temperature, speed and load). The morphology of worn surfaces of the cylinder liner was observed by FE-SEM, and the frictional mechanism of the lubricants was analyzed. The experimental results show that the nano-SiO2 particles can improve the extreme pressure and antifriction properties of the lubricants significantly, the average wear scar diameter and average frictional factor are decreased by 51.9% and 46.7% respectively at the optimum nano-SiO2 concentration. There is a mixed lubrication between piston ring and cylinder liner near top dead center. The nano-SiO2 particles can increase antifriction and antiwear properties of the lubricants at varying operating conditions significantly, and the frictional factor is reduced by 10.5%, 10.3% and 5.9% respectively at high temperature, high pressure and low speed. The nano-SiO2 particles play a role of compound effect of “roller bearing” and polishing on the surfaces of friction pairs during friction process.
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