Effects of Armature Perforation on Dynamic and Static Electromagnetic Forces in Circular Pole Solenoid Valves

To address the issue of reduced electromagnetic force during the lightweight design process of the armature, a static and dynamic electromagnetic force simulation model for the solenoid valve was developed using Maxwell software. Based on the distribution of electromagnetic force on the armature, various punching schemes for the armature were devised, and their effects on both dynamic and static electromagnetic forces of the solenoid valve were analyzed. The results show that static electromagnetic force is most significantly influenced by current, followed by air gap variations. Drilling holes in the magnetic yoke area substantially diminishes static electromagnetic force. Conversely, perforating other areas has a comparatively minor impact. In terms of dynamic characteristics, creating holes in the magnetic yoke enhances the armature’s ability to capture magnetic induction intensity and increases dynamic electromagnetic force by obstructing eddy current pathways. Notably, larger punching radii correspond to greater rates of increase in dynamic electromagnetic force. When employing a punching radius of 2 mm, a dynamic electromagnetic force increasing rate of 670 N/ms is achieved, facilitating rapid actuation of the solenoid valve.