Optimal Design of Power System and Optimization of Energy Management Strategy for Pure Electric Commercial Vehicles

To explore the influences of different powertrain configurations on the economy of pure electric commercial vehicles and to provide engineering guidance for their system configuration design, a combined method involving mechanism analysis, simulation modeling, strategy optimization, and bench testing was adopted. From the perspective of structural mechanisms, the efficiency characteristics of three powertrain systems were compared and analyzed. Based on these characteristics, corresponding simulation models were established in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. For the powertrain configuration with two power sources, an optimal energy management strategy for driving efficiency, which incorporated a no-load loss database, was formulated. An optimal torque distribution coefficient grid was generated in combination with a static grid search algorithm. Subsequently, through multi-condition simulations under the China heavy-duty commercial vehicle test cycle for truck and trailer （CHTC-TT） driving cycle, high-speed driving cycle, and mountainous driving cycle, the economic differences among the various configurations were compared. The simulation results indicated that the dual-motor （improved） configuration exhibited the best economic performance under all conditions. Compared with the dual-motor （basic） configuration, the electricity consumption optimization rates under the CHTC-TT, high-speed, and mountainous driving cycles were 1.11%, 1.16%, and 0.06%, respectively, demonstrating the greatest optimization and development potential. Finally, electricity consumption tests for the three configurations under the CHTC-TT, high-speed, and mountainous driving cycles were conducted on the bench. The test results also confirmed that the electricity consumption of the dual-motor （improved） configuration was optimal under all conditions.