韩哲,吕伟,李哲宇,等.复合翼无人机的油电增程式混合动力系统设计与评估[J].内燃机工程,2026,47(1):178-186.
复合翼无人机的油电增程式混合动力系统设计与评估
Design and Evaluation of an Extended-Range Hybrid Power System for Compound-Wing UAVs
DOI：10.13949/j.cnki.nrjgc.2026.01.019
关键词:复合翼无人机  多点悬停  增程式混合动力  自动油门控制策略  内燃机
Key Words:compound-wing unmanned aerial vehicles（UAVs）  multi-pointhovering  extended-range hybrid power  automatic throttle controlstrategy  internal combustion engine
基金项目:四川省民航飞行技术与飞行安全工程技术研究中心开放课题项目（GY2024-14C）
作者单位E-mail
韩哲* 中国民用航空飞行学院 航空电子电气学院，广汉 618307 zhehhh@yeah.net 
吕伟 中国民用航空飞行学院 航空电子电气学院，广汉 618307 lvwei69@126.com 
李哲宇 中国民用航空飞行学院 航空电子电气学院，广汉 618307 18213007923@163.com 
彭旭 中国民用航空飞行学院 航空电子电气学院，广汉 618307 pengxuswjtu@foxmail.com 
安斯奇* 中国民用航空飞行学院 航空电子电气学院，广汉 618307 ansiqi@cafuc.edu.cn 
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摘要:针对复合翼无人机难以兼顾多点悬停与长航时需求的问题，提出油电增程式混合动力系统设计方案。该系统采用内燃机–发电机直连架构，与电池组构成并联供电模式；针对悬停与巡航阶段的能耗差异，设计电池充放电策略，并提出基于电池电压反馈的自动油门控制策略，实现电池荷电状态的动态平衡；基于基尔霍夫定律和机械平衡原理，构建系统能量转换、存储与分配的数学模型以验证该方案的有效性。仿真与样机试飞结果表明，自动油门控制策略可将电池荷电状态稳定在95%的预设值，同时增程器能在巡航阶段利用冗余功率为电池补能，有效协调悬停阶段的高能耗需求与巡航阶段的充电补偿。
Abstract:To address the contradiction that compound-wing unmanned aerial vehicles（UAVs） have difficulty in simultaneously meeting the demands for multi-point hovering and long endurance， an extended-range hybrid power system design was proposed. The system adopts a direct connection architecture between the internal combustion engine and the generator， forming a parallel power supply configuration with the battery pack. To accommodate the energy consumption differences during hovering and cruising phases， battery charging and discharging strategies are designed， and an automatic throttle control strategy based on battery voltage feedback was proposed to achieve dynamic balance in the battery state of charge. To validate the effectiveness of the solution， a mathematical model for energy conversion， storage， and distribution was established based on Kirchhoff’s laws and the principle of mechanical balance. Simulation and prototype flight test results demonstrate that the automatic throttle control strategy stabilizes the battery state of charge（SOC）at the pre-set value of 95%， while the range extender utilizes surplus power to replenish energy for the battery during cruising. This approach effectively coordinates the high energy consumption demands during hovering with the charging compensation during cruising.
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