| 柏国伟,范立云,卢港澳,等.船用低速机电控喷油器低负荷喷射特性[J].内燃机工程,2026,47(1):21-33. |
| 船用低速机电控喷油器低负荷喷射特性 |
| Low-Load Injection Characteristics of the Electronically Controlled Injector for Marine Low-Speed Engines |
| DOI：10.13949/j.cnki.nrjgc.2026.01.003 |
| 关键词:低速机 电控喷油器 低负荷 喷射特性 相关性分析 |
| Key Words:low-speed engine electronically controlled injector low load injection characteristic correlation analysis |
| 基金项目:国家自然基金青年基金项目（52401371， 52401373） |
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| 摘要:为研究船用低速柴油机电控喷油器在低负荷工况下的喷射特性，建立了电控喷油器的AMESim仿真模型，并验证了模型的准确性。定义循环喷油量与平均喷油速率为喷射特性的评价指标，对比探讨了喷油器结构参数在低负荷和标定负荷工况下对喷射特性的影响，并通过权重分析和相关性分析，探究了喷射特性评价指标的关键影响因素及结构参数交互作用对评价指标的影响规律。结果表明：在低负荷工况时，由于针阀运动受限，针阀的抬升量、喷油压力波动及喷油持续时间是影响喷油量稳定性的主要因素。通过权重分析，得出控制柱塞直径、回油孔孔径、进油孔孔径、锥阀密封直径、滑阀密封长度为低负荷工况下喷射特性的主要影响因素。通过相关性分析发现，一次因子中，回油孔孔径、进油孔孔径和滑阀密封长度与低负荷工况的喷射特性关联程度高，相关系数绝对值均高于0.35；二次因子中，进油孔孔径与回油孔孔径的交互作用、进油孔孔径与滑阀密封长度的交互作用与低负荷工况喷射特性关联程度高，其中前者的相关系数绝对值高于0.50。 |
| Abstract:In order to study the injection characteristics of electronically controlled injectors for marine low-speed diesel engines under low load conditions， an AMESim simulation model of electronically controlled injectors was established and the accuracy of the model was verified. The cycle fuel injection quantity and average fuel injection rate were defined as the evaluation indexes of injection characteristics. The influences of injector structural parameters on injection characteristics under low load and rated load conditions were compared and discussed. Through weight analysis and correlation analysis， the key influencing factors of the evaluation indexes of injection characteristics and the influences of structural parameter interaction on them were explored. The results show that under low load conditions， due to the limited movement of the needle valve， the needle lift， the fuel injection pressure fluctuations and the injection duration are the main factors affecting the instability of the fuel injection quantity. Through weight analysis， it is concluded that the main influencing factors of injection characteristics under low load conditions are the control plunger diameter， the diameter of oil return hole，the diameter of oil inlet hole， the cone valve sealing diameter and the slide valve sealing length. Through correlation analysis， it is found that in the isolated factors including the diameter of oil return hole，the diameter of oil inlet hole，the sealing length of the slide valve are highly correlated with the injection characteristics under low load conditions， and the absolute value of the correlation coefficient is higher than 0.35. In the quadratic factors， the interaction between the diameter of the oil inlet hole and the diameter of oil return hole， the interaction between the diameter of the oil inlet hole and the sealing length of the slide valve are highly correlated with the injection characteristics under low load conditions， and the absolute value of the correlation coefficient of the former is higher than 0.50. |
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